Charter and some Other Records of the Bowyers' Company 1901
In 1901, the Court published the principal documents of the Bowyers in a single hard-back volume which, being bound in red cloth-boards, became known within the Company as the Red Book. These documents were published not just for their historical interest: the Company is still bound by the Charter and Ordinances and, at the time of publication, the will of James Wood was a document of reference in connection with the administration of the charities. The book was printed privately by Shaw & Sons of Fetter Lane and was restricted to only 100 copies. The Court Minutes of 16th January 1902 record the payment of £53 1s 3d to the printers and that the Clerk was directed to send copies to the British Museum and to the London Library.
One additional copy, making 101 in total, is in the possession of Michael Griffith, the grandson of Herbert Edward Griffith who was Clerk at the time of the publication, which is kept with the following letter.
Shaw & Sons
Printers
Fetter Lane EC
7th November 1901
Herbert A Griffith Esq
Clerk to the Bowyers Co
11 St Bride's Avenue
Fleet Street EC
Dear Sir
We are enclosing you 1 extra copy of the Charter making 101 in all made up from the waste of the sheets worked from press. This with two file copies which we retain as specimens of our work completed the entire copies printed.
We are, Dear Sir, Yours faithfully
Shaw & Sons
The members of the Court are recorded opposite the title page: Master Sir Douglas Straight LLD, Wardens David John Morgan JP MP, Robert White, Assistants John Brown, Thomas Halhed Fischer KC, Alfred Sangster MB, George Richard Edmunds, Robert William Scobell, Algernon Tatham, Walter Edmunds MD FRCS, Walter Henry Glazier, Edward John Glazier, Charles Bennett Arding, Clerk Herbert Edward Griffith.
The five documents are listed on the title page:
- Grant of Arms 20th November 1488
- Regrant 17th November 1666 of the Original Charter of 25th May 1621
- Extract from the Will of James Wood 1st August 1625
- Acts, Order and Ordinances 1st November 1670
- Agreement for the use of Broiderers' Hall 16th June 1674
- The book is introduced with a preface:
PREFATORY NOTE
The object of the Court of the Bowyers' Company in printing the present book is simply to produce copies of their Charter, and of certain other muniments, which it is felt could not but be interesting to the Members of the Court, as exemplifying the written history of the Company, for it has been said, with much truth, that the History of every Corporation is bound up in its documents.
It is remarked by Stow in his "Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster" (edition of 1633), and also by Guillim in his classic "Display of Heraldry," that: -
"The Company of Bowyers, in regard that the use of the long bow hath added no mean honour to the English Nation, making it famous in far remote kingdoms, may well stand on a great Privilege of Antiquity, yet their incorporating speaks but of the 21st year of King James."
But the Company had been, as is recited in the Charter, "an ancient fraternity within the City of London" long before, and doubtless were eminent when shooting with the long bow was "a principal munition and strength of this Kingdom in times of War and hostility," before the invention of Gunpowder.
It is also to be noted, as showing the importance of the Society at that time, that the Grant of the Arms as still borne by the Company was made, through the then Wardens, in the 4th year of King Henry VII. (20th November, 1488).
The original Charter delivered to the Society by King James I. was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, by which dreadful calamity the Hall of the Company, as well as most of their books and ancient records, perished.
The Charter of Inspeximus by Charles II. and other documents included in this Book are now printed solely for the use and guidance of the present Members of the Court and their successors in office.
The clerk, Herbert Edward Griffith, compiled a hand-written index at the back of his personal copy and this would suggest that he often referred to in connection with the business of the Court. The Court Minutes of 26th September 1901 record that it was resolved that the Grant of Arms be added to the "Book of the Charter". It would appear that the book had already been type-set for the pages of the Grant of Arms have been numbered as part of the preface and are not included in the main run of page numbering. As the Prefatory Note suggests, the inclusion of the Grant of Arms in the publication was important to establish the antiquity of the Company.
INDEX
Guide to page numbering Document | Pages |
Grant of Arms | ix - xii |
Regrant of the Charter | 1 - 29 |
Will of James Wood | 30 - 48 |
Acts, Order and Ordinances | 49 - 80 |
Agreement for the use of Broiderers' Hall | 81 - 82 |
Accounts, to be audited 62 | |
Admission | |
of Freemen 59 | |
of Livery 57 | |
Alms under James Wood's Will 35 | |
Arms, Grant of ix | |
Assessments etc 71 | |
Assistants | |
Court to be 13 members 6 | |
First 10 appointed 8 | |
Election of 20, 56 | |
Fine for refusing to serve 56, 57 | |
Oath of 77 | |
Audit 62 | |
Beadle | |
Appointment of 9 | |
Election of 60 | |
Oath of 79 | |
Bows, see Longbows | |
Broadcloth, J Wood dole to poor men & widows 35 | |
Broiderers' Company, agreement with 81 | |
Casual Courts 68 | |
Charter | |
Granted 1621 1 | |
Recital 1670 50 | |
Clerk 9 | |
Election of 59 | |
To make out indentures 58 | |
Oath of 79 | |
To enter accounts 62 | |
Cobb John, warden 1674 82 | |
Common Seal 5 | |
Corporate Body 3 | |
Courts | |
Quarter day 65 | |
Special or Casual 68 | |
Cow Crosse, leasehold house in St Sepulchres bequeathed by James Wood 40 | |
Death of master or warden during office 19 | |
Death of assistant 20 | |
Election Day 18 | |
Election of master & wardens 55 | |
Assistants 20, 56 | |
Livery 57 | |
Exemplification | |
of arms ix | |
of charter 1-29 | |
Exhibitions, founded by James Wood, 3 at Oxford, 2 at Cambridge 34 | |
Fines & Forfeitures 15 | |
how to be levied 75 | |
Fletchers not to make or sell Longbows 27 | |
Freemen 10 | |
sons of 34 | |
election to livery 57 | |
admission of 59, 73 | |
oath of 78 | |
Government of Company, extent of 24 | |
Gyles, Richard, 1st modern master 7 | |
Hall, company may have 12 | |
to purchase 36 | |
Hitchcocke, Edward warden 1674 82 | |
Isley Walton | |
manor etc granted to Co by J Wood 33 | |
poor of, 10s every half year 36 | |
Jefferson, John and Jones, William first modern wardens 7 | |
Keys 64 | |
Lands may be held & enjoyed 4, 21, 23 | |
Laws | |
Power to make 13 | |
Power to alter 14 | |
Made 1670 55 | |
Leasing 74 | |
Livery | |
Election of 57 | |
Fine on election 57 | |
Fine for refusing 57 | |
How to appear on quarter day 70 | |
Leasing 74 | |
Livery | |
Election of 57 | |
Fine on election 57 | |
Fine for refusing 57 | |
How to appear on quarter day 70 | |
Loan money £100 42 | |
Long bows 2 | |
To be kept by all City men 26 | |
Shooting with 27 | |
Fletchers not to make or sell 27 | |
Manor see Isley Walton | |
Master | |
To be one 5 | |
First master 7 | |
To hold office for two years 18 | |
Election of 55 | |
Fine for refusing to serve 56 | |
Oath of 76 | |
Master's Day 7, 18, 35, 55 | |
Mortmain licence 36 | |
Name of society 3 | |
Oaths of | |
Assistants 77 | |
Beadle 79 | |
Clerk 79 | |
Freeman 78 | |
Master & Wardens 76 | |
Patent roll of charter 1 | |
Penalties 56 | |
Place of meeting 16 | |
Power | |
To make laws 13 | |
To raise money 15 | |
To hold land etc 21 | |
To choose officers 17 | |
Quarterage 11, 67 | |
Distress for 11 | |
Quarter day Courts 65 | |
Renter Warden | |
To give bond with sureties 58 | |
Removal of | |
Master and wardens 19 | |
Assistant 20 | |
St James' Day | |
7, 18, 55 | |
St Nicholas Parish | |
Gifts to, James Wood 47 | |
Sermon of 35 | |
Scholars see Exhibitioners | |
Seal, Company to have 5 | |
Sermon every 2nd year 35 | |
Shooting with the Longbow 27 | |
Special or Casual Courts 68 | |
Statute 19 Henry VII cap 7 49 | |
Summons, fine for not appearing 57 | |
Swearing reviling falsifying and the like, ordinance against 72 | |
Thursday after St James Day every 2nd year for election of master 18, 55 | |
Thursday come three weeks ie 4th Thursday after quarter day to hold Quarter Day Courts 65 | |
Wardens | |
To be two 5 | |
First modern 7 | |
To serve 2 years 18 | |
Fine refusing to serve 56 | |
Election of 55 | |
Oath of 76 | |
Will of James Wood | |
1st August 1625 30 | |
Proved 29th July 1629 48 | |
Gifts under | |
To company 33, 40 | |
Poor scholars 34 | |
Poor men & widows 35 | |
St Nicholas Parish 35, 47 | |
Isley Walton poor 36 | |
Yeomanry 36 |